I’ve had the question of whether I have a
trading plan template or anything like that I can provide or recommend a couple
of times in recent weeks. In short, the answer is no, but that’s because I’m
hesitant to recommend one.
You see trading plans necessarily must be
very personalized things. That makes the idea of a specific template something
difficult to contemplate. A template is rigid, and as such isn’t going to work
for everyone or even necessarily for any given trader all the time.
With that in mind, I’m going to do a bit of
excerpting from The Essentials of Trading over the course of a couple of posts
to share my thoughts on how to put together a good trading plan. I’ll start of
in this post by laying the groundwork.
What’s a Trading Plan?
The starting point of effective trading is
the Trading Plan. One can think of it like a Business Plan for the trader. Just
like the Business Plan, the Trading Plan is a specific outline of current
status, objectives for the future, and the expected path to reach those goals.
In plain language, the Trading Plan is a
set of rules governing the trader efforts in the markets. It brings together
all of the what’s, when’s, where’s, why’s, and how’s of trading in an all
encompassing definition of what the trader is seeking to accomplish and how
he/she will go about trying to make it happen. The Trading Plan is the starting
point for every trader looking to succeed in the markets.
Please note that while we may be speaking
here in terms of the trader as an individual, everything presented is equally
applicable to a fund or company environment. The Trading Plan still must be
constructed, albeit from a different perspective.
Why does one need a Trading Plan?
The very simple answer is that it allows
the trader to measure their performance in a very clear, straightforward
manner, on a running basis. Just as one uses a map to both establish the path to
be taken and to judge the progress which has been made, the Trading Plan
defines the trading system and gives the trader benchmarks for use in judging
their execution of it.
Be aware that a Trading Plan and a Trading
System are two different things. The latter is, in brief, the way one
determines entry and exit points the timing of trades, if you like. The former
is more over-reaching in that it includes the Trading System, plus other
important things like money management.
What is the purpose of the Trading Plan?
There are several reasons to have a Trading
Plan, but probably the biggest is the way it simplifies things. A good, well
thought out Trading Plan takes a great deal of excess thinking out of the
trading process. Decision-making is very clear-cut. The Plan defines what is
supposed to be done, when, and how. Trading can be a very emotionally charged
venture. That can lead to all kinds of less-than-optimal behavior. The Trading
Plan takes that out of the equation. Just follow the plan.
The Trading Plan is also very, very handy
in helping one to understand the reasons for performance problems. If one is
suffering from losses beyond what would be expected (as defined by the Plan),
there are only two possible reasons. Either the Plan is not being followed, or
the there is a problem with the trading system. That’s it. Without the Trading
Plan, resolving performance issues is a much more complicated process.
While a Trading Plan is intended to help
the trader succeed in the markets, having a Trading Plan is not a guarantee of
generating profits. A Plan is only as good as the components in it.